Oracle Applications involve the application software or business software of Oracle Corporation. The term refers to the non-database and non-middleware portions of Oracle’s software portfolio. Oracle sells many functional modules which use the Oracle RDBMS as a back-end, particularly Oracle Financials, Oracle HRMS, Oracle Projects, Oracle CRM, Oracle Procurement, etc. Oracle originally launched its application suite with financials software in the late 1980s. The offering as of 2009 spreads to scm, hcm, warehouse-management, crm, call-center services, product-lifecycle management, and many other ranges. Both in-house expansion and the acquisition of other companies have immensely expanded Oracle’s application software business.